Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Benzisoxazole

While the job of a research scientist varies, most chemistry careers in research are based in laboratories, where research is conducted by teams following scientific methods and standards.40052-13-9, Name is 3-Tert-butoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid, SMILES is CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CC(O)=O, in an article , author is Hosseini, Seyyedamirhossein, once mentioned of 40052-13-9, Application of 40052-13-9.

Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential (bulk) electrolysis have been used to explore the electrochemical reduction of o-nitrobenzaldehyde (o-NBA) and 8 other aldehydes and ketones at glassy carbon cathodes in dimethylformamide containing various tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborate salts along with a proton donor (4-chlorophenol). Cyclic voltammograms for reduction of o-NBA exhibit three cathodic peaks attributable in succession to (a) one-electron generation of the nitro radical-anion, (b) three-electron formation of the hydroxylamine, and (c) two-electron production of benzisoxazole (anthranil). These findings have been employed to develop efficient controlled-potential (bulk) electrosyntheses of the following compounds: benzisoxazole, methylbenzo[c]isoxazole, [1,3]dioxolo[4 ‘,5 ‘,4,5]benzo[1,2-c]isoxazole, naphtho[2,3-c]isoxazole, 6-chlorobenzo[c]isoxazole, 6-methoxybenzo[c]isoxazole, 3-methyl-benzo[c]isoxazole, 3-isopropylbenzo[c]isoxazole, and 3-phenylbenzo[c]isoxazole. In addition, we have examined the use of a variety of proton donors to optimize the production of the desired product, and we have been able to recover the proton donor at the conclusion of the electrosynthesis. In each case, the synthesized product was separated by means of normal phase chromatography and identified with the aid of NMR spectros-copy, gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Isolated yields of the desired products range from 63 to 92 %. Moreover, our electrosyntheses are catalyst-free, environmentally green, and rapid (similar to 30 min).

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Career opportunities within science and technology are seeing unprecedented growth across the world, and those who study chemistry or another natural science at university now have increasingly better career prospects. In a document, author is Zareba, G, introducing its new discovery. Formula: https://www.ambeed.com/products/99-06-9.html.

Zonisamide is an antiepileptic drug used as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial seizures in adults. Because of the multiple mechanisms of action, it shows a broad spectrum of anticonvulsant activity and has been effective in several types of seizures, including partial and generalized seizures, tonic-clonic seizures and absence seizures in patients unresponsive to other anticonvulsants. Myoclonic epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and infantile spasms have also been treated effectively with zonisamide. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated additional potential for therapeutic use in neuropathic pain, bipolar disorder, migraine, obesity, eating disorders and Parkinson’s disease. Despite adverse events, zonisamide is relatively safe and well tolerated in patients, and shows low discontinuation rate. It has a good pharmacokinetic profile and a low drug interaction potential. Zonisamide is considered as a drug that effectively reduces the frequency of partial seizures. (C) 2005 Prous Science. All rights reserved.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemistry graduates have much scope to use their knowledge in a range of research sectors, including roles within chemical engineering, chemical and related industries, healthcare and more. 79-14-1, Name is 2-Hydroxyacetic acid, SMILES is O=C(O)CO, in an article , author is BALDAN, B, once mentioned of 79-14-1, Synthetic Route of 79-14-1.

1,2-Benz-isoxazol-3-acetic acid is slightly toxic to unorganized growing carrot cells and completely prevents somatic embryogenesis beyond the globular stage. Its action is time dependent: if added early, it affects the determination of the early stages; if added later, after determination has occurred, it has practically no effect. The blocked forms can evolve, in the presence of the compound, creating secondary embryos that, in turn, are arrested at the globular stage. Since the secondary embryos adhere to the primary ones, irregular polyembryonic masses of typical appearance are created. The internal structures of the blocked globular embryos were examined and were shown to be enlarged, vacuolized and detached from the central cells. The protoderm also displayed an altered appearance. These data, when considered together with the effects of the compound on rooting and callus formation, suggest that benz-isoxazol acetic acid acts as a weak auxin.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

When developing chemical systems it’s of course important to gain a deep understanding of the chemical reaction process. 123-76-2, Name is 4-Oxopentanoic acid, SMILES is C(C(C)=O)CC(O)=O, in an article , author is Salorinne, Kirsi, once mentioned of 123-76-2, Product Details of 123-76-2.

3-Ethyl ester- (1) and 3-carboxylic acid-isoxazole (2) derivatives of an antiviral drug analogue WIN 61893 were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Crystallization experiments afforded two polymorphic structures for the ethyl ester derivative and two solvate structures for the carboxylic acid derivative based on their ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions with the solvent molecules. The conformations of the derivatives depended greatly on the orientation of the planar isoxazole and phenyl-oxadiazole ring systems with respect to one another and were found to take up perpendicular, linear or tilted conformations. The carboxylic acid derivative was furthermore observed to undergo isoxazole ring cleavage by decarboxylation in DMSO solution and transforming into a beta-keto nitrile ring-opening product over several days, whereas, the isoxazole ring of the ethyl ester derivative was not affected.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

While the job of a research scientist varies, most chemistry careers in research are based in laboratories, where research is conducted by teams following scientific methods and standards.4246-51-9, Name is 3,3′-((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(propan-1-amine), SMILES is NCCCOCCOCCOCCCN, in an article , author is Salorinne, Kirsi, once mentioned of 4246-51-9, Safety of 3,3′-((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(propan-1-amine).

3-Ethyl ester- (1) and 3-carboxylic acid-isoxazole (2) derivatives of an antiviral drug analogue WIN 61893 were synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Crystallization experiments afforded two polymorphic structures for the ethyl ester derivative and two solvate structures for the carboxylic acid derivative based on their ability to form intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions with the solvent molecules. The conformations of the derivatives depended greatly on the orientation of the planar isoxazole and phenyl-oxadiazole ring systems with respect to one another and were found to take up perpendicular, linear or tilted conformations. The carboxylic acid derivative was furthermore observed to undergo isoxazole ring cleavage by decarboxylation in DMSO solution and transforming into a beta-keto nitrile ring-opening product over several days, whereas, the isoxazole ring of the ethyl ester derivative was not affected.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical research careers are more diverse than they might first appear, as there are many different reasons to conduct research and many possible environments, Quality Control of 2-Ethoxyacetic acid.

Priapism is well documented as a potential side effect of psychotropic medications. To date, there have been no reports of risperidone-induced priapism in the urologic literature. We report a case of risperidone-induced priapism requiring surgical treatment.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemistry graduates have much scope to use their knowledge in a range of research sectors, including roles within chemical engineering, chemical and related industries, healthcare and more. 15026-17-2, Name is 4-(tert-Butoxy)-4-oxobutanoic acid, SMILES is CC(C)(C)OC(=O)CCC(O)=O, in an article , author is Malik, Sachin, once mentioned of 15026-17-2, Application of 15026-17-2.

A series of 3-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-N-substituted pyrrolidine-2, 5-dione (7a-7d, 8a-8d, 9a-9c) have been prepared and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activities. Preliminary anticonvulsant activity was performed using maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) tests after intraperitoneal (ip) injection into mice, which are the most widely employed models for early identification of anticonvulsant candidate. The acute neurological toxicity (NT) was determined applying rotorod test. The quantitative evaluation after oral administration in rats showed that the most active was 3-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl) pyrrolidine-2, 5-dione (8a) with ED50 values of 14.90 mg/kg. Similarly the most potent in scPTZ was 3-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-1-cyclohexylpyrrolidine-2, 5-dione (7d) with ED50 values of 42.30 mg/kg. These molecules were more potent and less neurotoxic than phenytoin and ethosuximide which were used as reference antiepileptic drugs. (c) 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Modeling chemical reactions helps engineers virtually understand the chemistry, optimal size and design of the system, and how it interacts with other physics that may come into play. 4246-51-9, Name is 3,3′-((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(propan-1-amine), SMILES is NCCCOCCOCCOCCCN, in an article , author is SUWINSKI, J, once mentioned of 4246-51-9, Synthetic Route of 4246-51-9.

The effects of pH, buffer concentration and temperature on conversion rate of potassium oxime-O-sulfonates of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxyacetophenone to benzisoxazole or 2-methylbenzoxazole, respectively, were examined. The mechanisms of both reactions have been proposed.

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Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical engineers work across a number of sectors, processes differ within each of these areas, but chemistry and chemical engineering roles are found throughout, and are directly involved in the manufacturing process of chemical products and materials.Category: Benzisoxazole.

Background: Privileged structures are potentially able to bind to a diverse range of biologically important proteins with high affinities, thus benefiting the discovery of novel bioactive compounds. 1,2-Benxisoxazole derivatives can be such important types of privileged structures possessing a rich diversity of biological properties especially in the area of CNS disorders. Methods: This review seeks to explore the most significant examples of 1,2-benzisoxazoles as privileged structures in terms of polypharmacology at the molecular level, specifically focusing on four 1,2-benzisoxazoles (zonisamide, risperidone, paliperidone, and iloperidone) which have been in clinical use and established as effective therapeutics. Furthermore, an updated and detailed account of the pharmacological properties of 1,2-benzisoxazole derivatives as therapeutics for CNS disorders is described. And finally, outlooks on current issues and future directions in this field are also provided. Results: 1,2-Benzisoxazole was successfully employed in the discovery and development of zonisamide for the treatment of epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease. 1,2-Benzisoxazole is also a significantly important structure for the development of atypical antipsychotics. Conclusion: It is very reasonable to say that 1,2-benzisoxazole is a good example of a privileged structure because it forms the centerpiece of small molecule chemical entities with a wide range of pharmacological properties, especially in the area of CNS disorders.

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Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Having gained chemical understanding at molecular level, chemistry graduates may choose to apply this knowledge in almost unlimited ways, as it can be used to analyze all matter and therefore our entire environment, Electric Literature of 35963-20-3.

Risperidone is a benzisoxazole derivative which has proven efficacy against the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia It has mon recently been investigated and shown efficacy as a treatment for the behavioural and psychological symptoms associated with dementia in the elderly. Risperidone has pharmacological properties resembling those of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine and an improved tolerability profile compared with the conventional antipsychotic haloperidol. Risperidone has antagonistic activity primarily at serotonin 5-HT2A and dopamine D-2 receptors. In the first 2 large, well controlled trials of an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of elderly patients with Alzheimer’s dementia, vascular dementia or mixed demential risperidone 1 mg/day was at least as effective as haloperidol and superior to placebo. as assessed by the rating scales for global behaviour, aggression and psychosis. In extension phases of the 2 trials, clinical benefits were maintained for treatment periods of up to 1 year, with an incidence rate of tardive dyskinesia (2.6%) one-tenth of that seen with conventional antipsychotics. Risperidone, administered at a low dosage of 1 mg/day was associated with fewer extrapyramidal symptoms compared with haloperidol in elderly patients, Risperidone was well tolerated with no clinically relevant abnormalities in laboratory tests. vital signs or electrocardiogram results. Conclusion: The efficacy of risperidone has been demonstrated in the treatment of the behavioural and psychological symptoms associated with dementia in the elderly. Preliminary results from 1-year extension studies confirm the favourable efficacy and tolerability profile of risperidone 1 mg/day, Although head to head studies with other atypical antipsychotic agents are required and the long term use of the drug requires clarification, risperidone represents a generally well tolerated and effective treatment in the management of dementia-associated behavioural and psychological symptoms in the elderly.

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Reference:
Benzisoxazole – Wikipedia,
,Benzisoxazole – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics